Large Language Models (LLMs) open up a myriad of possibilities for augmenting the idea-generation processes of human designers. However, how human designers can best work with such models is less understood, and the ideas generated by LLM were found to be redundant and fragmented. To address this, we introduce Co-AIdeator, a system that offers structured human-AI collaborative design ideation through organizing LLMs responses into an interactive knowledge graph. The design space for the Co-AIdeator was defined based on insights gleaned from a preliminary study and formative interviews with participants who utilized LLMs for design ideation. Subsequently, we conducted a comprehensive user evaluation study with 24 participants, comparing the Co-AIdeator against a baseline. The results, analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively, unequivocally demonstrated a preference for Co-AIdeator. Moreover, the study affirmed the usability and practicality of the Co-AIdeator. It provides a well-organized framework that empowers users to manage their concepts, especially with the aid of a visual interface. Additionally, it enhances overall efficiency and quality in the ideation process.
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